before and during Federation in Australia

Federation of Australia arrived after deliberation, debate, consultation & referenda, as this report by The Federation of Australia - Parliamentary Education Office examined. For millennia Aboriginals & Torres Strait Islanders lived & practiced traditional cultures and languages. Then from the late 1700s, British colonies started. By late 1800s, 6 colonies had their own parliaments but were still subject to the British Parliament’s law-making. The colonies were separate, each with its own government and laws, separate defence force and separate tariffs collections on goods crossing borders. A belief grew that a National Government had to deal with defence, immigration & trade.NSW Premier Sir Henry Parkes 1889, Father of FederationTrip AdvisorTariffs provided colonial governments with revenue, but increasing the cost of goods made it hard for manufacturers outside a colony to compete with locals. Travelling between colonies was difficult. The Melb-Sydney train was delayed at the border…

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