Medical History VIII:  Medicine and faith: Islam: Preserving and systematising knowledge

“The Greatest Benefit to Mankind – A Medical History of Humanity from Antiquity to the Present” by Roy Porter was published in 1999. It’s a magnificent 848-page book that I’ve now read. Many people, I’ve discovered, own a copy but have dipped into it rather than read it through. I hope that I might do medical history, the world at large, students of medicine (surely all of us), and Roy, whom I knew and who died suddenly aged 55 in 2002, a service by posting extracts of his book on my website. The extracts might persuade you to read the book. Continuing into the early eleventh century, the translation movement revived learned medicine, made Arabic a tongue for original scholarship, and gave Islamic culture access to a galaxy of learning. Persia produced one of the greatest Muslim physicians and philosophers, Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, known in the West as Rhazes (865–925), author of some 200 treatises. In his youth (anecdotes tell us) al-Razi studied and practised medicine at the…