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Twenty-three-year-old Edwin Herbert Hall discovered the Hall effect in 1879, while working on his doctorate at Johns Hopkins University. He found that when electric current flows through a conductor in a perpendicular magnetic field, a voltage appears across the conductor at right angles to both the current and field. The practical Hall sensor came much later, once semiconductor technology made the effect large and inexpensive enough to use reliably. Starting in the 1940s, the Hall effect was the basis for commercial products that measured magnetic field or, by employing a moving magnet, position. I started using Honeywell Hall effect keyboard switches in telephone system that first shipped in 1975, so it’s been around in that application for more than 50 years. But it was expensive compared to other keyboard technologies, and it wasn’t until about ten years ago that it made its way into more-or-less standard computer keyboards. Now it’s approaching becoming the dominant technology…

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