How to Brew Espresso ↗

I’ve been geeking out on espresso recently since learning about its history and how today’s equipment and beans have changed, so the rules-of-thumb I’ve heard about may no longer be valid: what should the ratio be? aim for 25-30 seconds for a shot. Pressure should be 9 bars, but then turbo shots are 6. Listen to Prof Lance above for a great succinct overview. My current equipment is a Flair Pro 2 (with Flair Pro 3 brew head). It’s a very affordable machine, and I’m very happy with it. Because it’s manual, I can easily experiment with pressure without any extra equipment or hacks.