Can I hear a difference between MP3s and uncompressed audio?

Music streaming services often advertise their product by highlighting that they have a (more expensive of course) option for uncompressed or Studio Quality audio, because it supposedly sounds much better than compressed MP3 files. Uncompressed just sounds better, it's clearer, has more dynamic range, more depth, better high end and so on, is how the story goes. Frankly, I think this is mostly nonsense. MP3s at high bitrates can be considered transparent (more on this below), which means th...