When you start a company in Canada, one of your first decisions is whether to incorporate federally or provincially. Most first-time founders treat this as a paperwork question, but it is not. The legal structure you choose encodes assumptions about who controls the company, who benefits when it succeeds, and who bears the cost when it fails. Those assumptions vary enormously across history and across cultures, and the fact that most tech companies make the same choice tells you something about whose interests the dominant model serves. A sole proprietorship is the simplest possible firm: one person owns it, operates it, and is personally liable for everything it does. If the business gets sued and loses, the owner’s house, car, and savings are all at risk. Most small businesses start this way because there is no registration required— you are in business the moment you start selling something, though you must register your business name in most provinces if you are trading under a…
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